Does a micro BV need an internal P&L too?
Yes. The micro exemption limits publication. Internally, the micro BV must still prepare an abridged profit and loss account.
The short answer
Yes. The micro exemption limits publication. Internally, the micro BV must still prepare an abridged profit and loss account.
Basis: art. 2:395a(5), (7) and (8) DCC
What does the internal micro annual accounts contain?
A micro BV can make do with an abridged balance sheet at the KVK, but needs result information for its own annual accounts too. Art. 2:395a(5) DCC prescribes an abridged profit and loss account. Paragraph 8 concerns what is made public. These two parts of the regime must be kept apart.
The internal profit and loss account explains how the result for the financial year arose. That result flows into equity and is information for shareholders and the tax return. A bank balance or a total of invoices sent cannot take over that function. Costs may still be unpaid and receipts may relate to another period. Reconcile the profit and loss account with the final ledger figures and the balance sheet. If only the publication balance sheet is prepared, the check is often missing that shows whether all year-end corrections were also processed in the result.
Which simplifications apply?
The micro regime has simplifications, but that does not mean you can calculate without accounting policies. Assess which valuation rules and permitted simplifications are applied and do so consistently. Think of depreciation, collectability of receivables and tax charges. If you choose tax-based policies, make clear that the applicable set of tax policies as a whole is followed; do not select the most favourable outcome item by item. Art. 2:395a(7) DCC provides for this option. If in doubt about a material item, ask for help, because an abridged model offers fewer rules but does not remove the substantive assessment.
Use a simple reconciliation from opening equity to closing equity. Start with last year's equity, add the result and process capital contributions, distributions and other relevant movements separately. That prevents a deposit by the DGA from being seen as turnover or a dividend payment from appearing as operating costs. Keep the underlying calculation even when the publication only shows a combined equity item. The board and the shareholder must be able to understand where the difference comes from. A short public balance sheet must not lead to an internal file that lacks that explanation.
How does the result reconcile with equity?
When using software or outsourcing, explicitly ask for the internal report and the publication output. Check that both come from the same final figures. Do not send a financier who wants to assess the results only the KVK balance sheet without first agreeing whether it is sufficient. A compilation or audit engagement is a separate choice and does not automatically follow from the need for an internal P&L. For a small, simple micro BV an orderly report may suffice. The relevant distinction is that less public disclosure is not the same as no accountability for the result within your own company.
Sources
Frequently asked questions
Does a micro BV publish its full profit and loss account?
No. The documents to be made public are more limited than the internal annual accounts file.
Can the internal result be missing?
No. The board must be able to substantiate the result and the movement in equity.
Which two output files should you ask for?
Ask for the internal annual accounts and the separate publication version.
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Preparing Dutch annual accounts?
Your first set of annual accounts is free, for every size class. Create an account and prepare the annual accounts of your Dutch company under Title 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.
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